Journalism and Communication - Screen cultures Essay

Journalism and Communication - Screen cultures - Essay Example Does video gaming portend any detrimental implications on those persons who are fanatics of constantly playing an assortment of diverse video games? Most researchers and writers typically address this concern with regard to reference to violent themed games (Melisa 2002). Moreover, it is overtly a pertinent prospect for the upcoming field of persuasive video games. These games encompass a diverse assortment of games that their authors design for educational, political and advocacy among other critical areas in the daily life. These video games seek to purposely influence and alter behavioural and notional perspectives of individuals who take an interest to play them (Ruth 2011). Moreover, it is critically consummate to determine the effective aspect of these games as potential vectors of persuasion on the persons who take an active role in gaming. With regard to various pertinent interrelationships of aspects such as intent, messages conveyed, player predisposition and quality of gam e among others, it is complicated to generalize regarding their implications and relative effectiveness. With use of a persuasive video game that I have designed, I intend to prospect and gauge its effectiveness as a social backing applet while isolating the various issues that put in to that (Gilles 1992). Introduction In the fresh past, in the year 2006, Gill, a 25 year old person murdered a woman and critically wounded nineteen other persons in a grave shoot out spree at a college affiliation in Montreal and eventually committed suicide. In his specific outline journal entries, he scribbled about his unconditional love and fanaticism for certain films, television shows among other constituents of popular, contemporary media and entertainment culture. However, he mentioned various video games, especially Super Columbine Massacre, that captured most of the entire media nerves to attention and raised the subject of how much mental and character influence various computer games can i mplicate on their players (Film Philosophy 2010). Moreover, this was nevertheless the initial time the matter was raised to publicity. The truth that the masterminds of the massacre game played doom and additionally modelled their own doom rankings was immensely criticised, as was the intelligence that a driver associated with a fatal motor accident had a copy of the violent street racing game, NFS, on the frontage seat of his carriage. These happenings among others resulted into various media critics and political figures arguing that by merit of their fascination, violent and realistic images and graphics with the aptitude to allow the players to practice diverse tasks and scenarios, video computer games could implicate on behaviours and attitudes. This would be for good or worse, though in the viewpoint of critics, it is typically for ill (Patrick 2011). The row that Calgary Sun correspondent Mike presented is archetypal. He questions the readers why they have to wait and witness assorted video games being evidence in several crime occurrences. He pickles the people to wake up and take an initiative to have control over such a situation which would be detrimental in society owing to the ill bizarre situations that arise when gamers take too much dose of typically murderously themed video games. Purportedly, Gill’s obvious signoff in blogs would state that life is a video game and that

Taxation in UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Taxation in UK - Essay Example The paper tells that the Largest source of revenue collection for government is income tax. Everyone in the country has an income tax personal allowance below which he does not have to pay tax in a particular tax year. For people aging below 65 years have a tax allowance of  £6,475 in 2010-11. However, in June 2010, this figure has been increased by  £1,000 by the Chancellor therefore the tax personal allowance is  £7,475. If anyone has an income below the income tax personal allowance, he is not supposed to pay any tax however if the earnings of an individual is above the tax allowance then he is supposed to pay according to his earnings above this level. There are different tax bands and every tax band has a different tax rate. Corporation tax refers to the tax on the profits made by the organizations in United Kingdom along with profits made by permanent establishments of companies owned by non-UK residents as well as associations trading in European Union. Collection of cor porate tax is the fourth largest source of revenue collection of government. Before April 1965, both the corporate tax rate and individual tax rate were charged at the same rate though corporations were supposed to pay an additional profit tax. However, with the passage of time, there have been several changes to the corporate tax and since 1997, the laws have modified several times and now the tax rates of corporations and individuals have changed. (Tax Law Rewrite). Calendar year is a period of 12 months beginning from the starting of January and ending on 31st December whereas on the other hand, fiscal year is a period of 12 consecutive months ending on last day of any month except December (Tax Years). In United Kingdom, government financial year is a period of twelve months from April 1 to March 31. Corporations are allowed to adopt any year for their accounting purpose however any changes in the tax rate, the tax is charged on the basis of government’s financial year (I ntroduction to Corporation Tax). Taxable and Tax Rate An individual earns income from different sources. Some of these sources are taxable whereas some income is tax deductable. Some of the sources from where an individual earns is salary, profit from any business, rent income, dividend income, income on loan or any security including bonds etc. On the other hand, the income of corporations is the profits. Taxable bands and tax rate for the year 2011 – 2012 is as follows: Taxable income Rate of tax 0 - ?2,560 10 per cent (starting rate for savings  only) 0 - ?35,000 20 per cent (basic rate) ?35,001 - ?150,000 40 per cent (higher rate) Over ?150,000 50 per cent (additional rate) (Source: Income tax rates) Relevant Tax period Tax period is the period of 12 months in which the individual earns income from different sources and if all these sources accumulate to more than personal tax allowance then he is supposed to pay tax. importance of direct and indirect taxes Direct and i ndirect taxes are very important for every government as tax collection is one of the main sources of the government to collect revenues. Direct tax is defined as the tax that an individual pays directly to the government and this kind of tax is directly imposed on the individual or the organization by the government. On the other hand, indirect tax can have different forms like sales tax, value added tax (VAT), or goods or service tax (GST) and indirect tax is collected by another party or an intermediary. The intermediary initially takes the burden of this kind of tax and afterwards takes the amount of tax from the government by filling a tax return, therefore the tax is paid eventually to the government through another party. Therefore, indirect tax is indirectly collected by the government but with the involvement of an intermediary. Differences between Direct Tax and Indirect Tax Direct Tax Direct